Dried Fermentation Biomass (Ajinomoto Heartland LLC) is a co-product of the commercial production of lysine. Peptone 50 and PEP2+ (TechMix LLC) are co-products of heparin production for the human pharmaceutical industry. The latter two products are produced from hydrolyzed pig intestines that are co-dried with a vegetable protein (Peptone 50) or enzymatically processed vegetable proteins (PEP2+). These co-products are possible replacements for fish meal in weanling pig diets.
An experiment was conducted to measure the digestibility of energy and the concentration of digestible (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) in Dried Fermentation Biomass, Peptone 50, PEP2+, and fish meal fed to weanling pigs.
Experimental design
A total of 40 weanling barrows were fed one of five diets. The control diet consisted of 96.40% corn plus vitamins and minerals. The four experimental diets were formulated by mixing corn with Dried Fermentation Biomass, Peptone 50, PEP2+, or fish meal. Pigs were fed at three times their maintenance energy requirement. The pigs were placed in metabolism cages with fully slatted floors, a screen floor, and urine trays that allowed for the total collection of urine and feces from each pig. To calculate digestible energy, energy excreted in the feces was subtracted from the total energy intake. Metabolizable energy was calculated by subtracting energy excreted in the feces and in the urine from the total energy intake.
Dried Fermentation Biomass and peptone co-products contain highly digestible energy
Energy digestibility values in Dried Fermentation Biomass and PEP2+ were less (P < 0.02) than those of corn and fish meal, with Peptone 50 being intermediate. DE values in Dried Fermentation Biomass were the greatest (P < 0.001) of the test ingredients on both an as-fed and a dry matter basis. Corn had the least digestible energy, with Peptone 50, PEP2+, and fish meal being intermediate.
On both an as-fed and a dry matter basis, Dried Fermentation Biomass and Peptone 50 had the greatest (P < 0.005) concentrations of metabolizable energy of the ingredients tested. Fish meal contained the least amount of metabolizable energy with corn and PEP2+ being intermediate.
Key points
- The apparent total tract digestibility of energy is less in Dried Fermentation Biomass and PEP2+ than in corn and fish meal.
- Dried Fermentation Biomass contains more digestible and metabolizable energy than corn and fish meal.
- Peptone 50 contains more digestible energy than corn and fish meal and more metabolizable energy than fish meal. PEP2+ contains more digestible energy than corn and similar concentrations of metabolizable energy as corn and fish meal.
- Inclusion of Dried Fermentation Biomass, Peptone 50, or PEP2+ in diets fed to weanling pigs at the expense of fish meal will not reduce the energy concentration of the diets.
Table 1.Digestibility of energy (ATTD, %) and concentration of digestible (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME; kcal/kg) in corn, Dried Fermentation Biomass (DFB), Peptone 50, PEP2+, and fish meal fed to weanling pigs
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|
Ingredient |
|
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|
Item |
Corn |
DFB |
Peptone 50 |
PEP2+ |
Fish meal |
P-value |
|
ATTD of GE, % |
91.0a |
88.2b |
88.9ab |
88.1b |
91.0a |
0.02 |
|
As-fed basis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GE, kcal/kg |
3,767 |
5,369 |
4,630 |
4,934 |
4,328 |
- |
|
DE, kcal/kg |
3,464d |
4,290a |
4,017b |
3,868bc |
3,671cd |
<0.001 |
|
ME, kcal/kg |
3,371bc |
3,808a |
3,558ab |
3,300bc |
3,156c |
0.004 |
|
Dry matter basis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GE, kcal/kg |
4,365 |
6,258 |
5,329 |
5,702 |
5,036 |
- |
|
DE, kcal/kg |
4,014d |
5,000a |
4,623b |
4,470bc |
4,272cd |
<0.001 |
|
ME, kcal/kg |
3,907bc |
4,439a |
4,095ab |
3,814bc |
3,673c |
0.003 |
a-cValues within a row lacking a common superscript letter are different (P < 0.05).
This research report is based on unpublished research from the University of Illinois.