Minerals

Effects of Increasing Dose of a Novel E. coli Phytase on Total Tract Digestibility of Minerals and Energy in Pigs

Lee, Su A, and H. H. Stein. 2022. Effects of Increasing Dose of a Novel E. coli Phytase on Total Tract Digestibility of Minerals and Energy in Pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 100(Suppl. 2): 36-37. doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac064.059. Link to Abstr.

Authors: 
Publication Type: 

Ileal and total tract digestibility of energy and nutrients in pig diets supplemented with a novel consensus bacterial 6-phytase

The effect of microbial phytase on Ca and P digestibility in diets for pigs and poultry is well established. In poultry, it also appears that the effect of phytase in increasing amino acid (AA) digestibility is consistent, but that is not the case when phytase is added to diets for pigs. However, in many experiments, relatively low levels of phytase was used and it is not known if greater concentrations of phytase will result in a different result. A novel phytase has been recently developed; however, it is also not known if this phytase source can increase digestibility of AA and other nutrients. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that inclusion of increasing levels of the novel phytase in diets for growing pigs increases the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of crude protein (CP) and AA, and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE) and minerals.

Authors: 
Publication Type: 

Effects of increasing phytase dose on total tract digestibility of minerals and energy in pigs

In most plant feed ingredients, the majority of P is bound to phytate, which reduces digestibility of P in pigs, and therefore, the concentration of digestible P in these ingredients is relatively low. Phytate is negatively charged in the intestinal tract and can bind both endogenous and dietary nutrients, which results in precipitation of non-digestible nutrient-phytate complexes. Therefore, it is possible that the use of exogenous phytase can also increase the digestibility of other nutrients than P. As an example, addition of exogenous phytase to diets also releases Ca from phytate, and thus, increases the digestibility of Ca. However, it has not been conclusively demonstrated that phytase also increases the digestibility of energy-generating nutrients and other minerals in diets fed to pigs and inconsistent results among experiments have been reported. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that increasing phytase dose increases the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of minerals and gross energy (GE) in corn and soybean meal-based diets fed to growing pigs.

Authors: 
Publication Type: 

Effect of phytase on weaning piglet performance when fed diets supplemented with pharmacological levels of Zn

Pharmacological levels of Zn (i.e., 2,000 to 3,000 mg/kg) is often included in diets for weanling pigs to prevent post-weaning diarrhea. However, pharmacological levels of Zn may reduce microbial phytase efficacy by chelating the phytate molecule, which subsequently prevents access for phytase.  However, it is possible that this effect can be reduced by adding more phytase to diets. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that inclusion of increasing levels of phytase increases pig growth performance and mineral digestibility in diets with 3,000 mg/kg of Zn.

Authors: 
Publication Type: 

Influence of a novel consensus bacterial 6-phytase variant on mineral digestibility and bone ash in young growing pigs fed diets with different concentrations of phytate

Microbial phytase is usually included in diets for pigs to increase P absorption and utilization by hydrolyzing phytate within the gastrointestinal tract of pigs. High doses of phytase (i.e., > 1,000 FTU/kg) is also hypothesized to increase release of nutrients other than P due to increased degradation of phytate. A next generation biosynthetic bacterial 6-phytase (PhyG; DuPont Animal Nutrition) may increase digestibility of nutrients in diets for pigs; however, there are no data to demonstrate the efficacy of this phytase. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that the negative impact of phytate is reduced at higher phytase doses. It was also the objective of this research to test the hypothesis that inclusion of increasing levels of phytase increases bone ash and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of minerals in diets containing varying phytate concentrations.

Authors: 
Publication Type: 

Swine Nutrition

Stein H. H. 2019. Swine Nutrition. Feedstuffs reference issue & nutrition guide. September 2019, p 35 - 40. Link to full text.

Authors: 

PSIV-13 Basal endogenous loss, standardized total tract digestibility, and retention of Ca in sows change throughout gestation, but microbial phytase reduces basal endogenous loss of Ca by gestating sows

Lee Su A., Carrie L. Walk, Hans H. Stein. 2019. PSIV-13 Basal endogenous loss, standardized total tract digestibility, and retention of Ca in sows change throughout gestation, but microbial phytase reduces basal endogenous loss of Ca by gestating sows. Journal of Animal Science, Volume 97, Issue Supplement_2, July 2019, Pages 185–186. (Abstr.). Link to abstract.

Authors: 
Publication Type: 

PSIII-18 Standardized total tract digestibility of Ca by growing pigs in different sources of calcium carbonate and dicalcium phosphate

Lee Su A., Carrie L. Walk, Hans H. Stein. 2019. PSIII-18 Standardized total tract digestibility of Ca by growing pigs in different sources of calcium carbonate and dicalcium phosphate. Journal of Animal Science, Volume 97, Issue Supplement_2, July 2019, Pages 173–174. (Abstr.). Link to abstract.

Authors: 
Publication Type: 

Increasing levels of microbial phytase increases the digestibility of energy and minerals in diets fed to pigs

Arredondo Mónica A., Gloria A. Casas, Hans H. Stein. 2019. Increasing levels of microbial phytase increases the digestibility of energy and minerals in diets fed to pigs. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 248: 27 - 36. Link to full text.

Authors: 

Non-antibiotic feed additives in diets for pigs: A review

Yanhong Liu, Charmaine D. Espinosa, Jerubella J. Abelilla, Gloria A. Casas, L. Vanessa Lagos, Su A. Lee, Woong B. Kwon, John K. Mathai, Diego M.D.L. Navarro, Neil W. Jaworski, Hans H. Stein. 2018. Non-antibiotic feed additives in diets for pigs: A review. Anim. Nutr. 4:113-125. Link to full text (.pdf)

Concentrations of minerals in pig feed ingredients commonly used in China

Huang, C. F., H. H. Stein, L. Y. Zhang, D. Li, and C. H. Lai. 2017. Concentrations of minerals in pig feed ingredients commonly used in China. Transl. Anim. Sci. 1:126-136. Link to full text (.pdf)

Authors: 

Digestibility and retention of zinc, copper, manganese, iron, calcium, and phosphorus in pigs fed diets containing inorganic or organic minerals

Liu, Y., Y. L. Ma, J. M. Zhao, M. Vazquez-Añón, and H. H. Stein. 2014. Digestibility and retention of zinc, copper, manganese, iron, calcium, and phosphorus in pigs fed diets containing inorganic or organic minerals. J. Anim. Sci. 92:3407-3415. Link to full text (.pdf)

Keywords: 

Retention and digestibility of Zn, Cu, Mn, and Fe in pigs fed diets containing inorganic or organic minerals

Liu, Y., Y. L. Ma, J. M. Zhao, M. Vázquez-Añón, and H. H. Stein. 2013. Retention and digestibility of Zn, Cu, Mn, and Fe in pigs fed diets containing inorganic or organic minerals. J. Anim. Sci. 91(E-Suppl. 2):162 (Abstr.) Link to abstract

Keywords: 
Publication Type: 

Bioavailability of minerals and vitamins in feedstuffs

Baker, D. H. and H. H. Stein. 2013. Bioavailability of minerals and vitamins in feedstuffs. Pages 341-365 in Sustainable Swine Nutrition. Chiba, L. I., ed. John Wiley & Sons Inc., Ames, IA. Link to full text (.pdf)

Keywords: 
Authors: 
Publication Type: 

The nutritional quality of feed ingredients

Stein, H. H. 2012. The nutritional quality of feed ingredients. Pages 69-77 in Proceedings of the Chinese Swine Industry Symposium, Shanghai, October 24-26, 2012. Link to full text (.pdf)

Authors: 
Publication Type: 

Evaluation of the nutritional value of sources of canola meal fed to pigs

Canola meal is produced from the rapeseed plant, a relative of broccoli and mustard. Natural rapeseed contains glucosinolates, which make feed unpalatable, and erucic acid, which is toxic to animals. These anti-nutritional factors are heat-stable, and therefore, cannot be removed by heat-treating rapeseed. Rapeseed, which is low in both glucosinolates and erucic acid, has been produced by hybridization, and is called canola in Canada and the United States and 00-rapeseed in Europe. Oil can be removed from canola and rapeseeds via solvent extraction or mechanically expelling. The solvent extraction process results in production of canola meal or 00-rapeseed meal and mechanical expelling of oil results in production of canola expellers or 00-rapeseed expellers.

The objective of this study was to compare the chemical compositions of canola meal from North America and 00-rapeseed meal from Europe and to compare the composition of 00-rapeseed meal and 00-rapeseed expellers.  Ten samples of canola meal were collected from crushing plants in North America, and eleven samples of 00-rapeseed meal and five samples of 00-rapeseed expellers were collected from crushing plants in Europe. The samples were analyzed for energy, fat, sugar, starch, fiber, crude protein, amino acids, and minerals.

Authors: 
Publication Type: 

Validation of the NCCC-42 Vitamin-Micro Mineral Premix in growing pigs

Crenshaw, T. D., M. D. Lindemann, H. H. Stein, and the NCCC-42 Swine Nutrition Committee. 2006. Validation of the NCCC-42 Vitamin-Micro Mineral Premix in growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 84(Suppl. 1):200 (Abstr.) Link to abstract (.pdf)

Keywords: 
Publication Type: 

Effects of WEANMOR® feed additive on sow and litter performance

Loughmiller, J. A., B. Hardy, E. Cerchiari, B. Christopherson, H. H. Stein, and K. Hugoson. 2002. Effects of WEANMOR® feed additive on sow and litter performance. J. Anim. Sci. 80(Suppl. 1):160 (Abstr.)

Publication Type: