Hans H. Stein

Corn, pistachio shell powder, Weanling pigs

Effect of pistachio shell powder on growth performance of weanling pigs

Kim, Yeonwoo, S. A. Lee, H., Stein. 2025. Effect of pistachio shell powder on growth performance of weanling pigs. Animal - Science proceedings, Volume 16, Issue 2, P. 380. Link to abstract.

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Authors:

Kim, Lee, Stein

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Interactive effects of pelleting and particle size reduction of corn on ileal digestibility of starch, acid-hydrolyzed ether extract, and amino acids in corn-soybean meal diets fed to growing pigs

Lee, Su A, Chad B. Paulk, Hans H. Stein. 2025.

Keywords:

Acid-hydrolyzed ether extract, Amino acids, Corn, Particle size, Pelleting, Pigs, Starch

Authors:

Lee, Paulk, Stein

Publication Type:

Read more about Interactive effects of pelleting and particle size reduction of corn on ileal digestibility of starch, acid-hydrolyzed ether extract, and amino acids in corn-soybean meal diets fed to growing pigs

Interactive effects of extrusion and particle size reduction of corn on metabolizable energy by weanling pigs

Marshall, Caleb M, Su A Lee, and Hans H. Stein. 2024. Interactive effects of extrusion and particle size reduction of corn on metabolizable energy by weanling pigs. J. Anim. Sci., Volume 102 (Suppl. 3): 261–262 (abstr.). doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.299 Link to abstract.

Keywords:

Corn, Extrusion, Particle size

Authors:

Marshall, Lee, Stein

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Pelleting and particle size reduction of corn increase net energy and digestibility of fiber, protein, and fat in corn‑soybean meal diets fed to group‑housed pigs

Lee, Su A, Diego A. Rodriguez, Chad B. Paulk, and Hans H. Stein. 2024.

Keywords:

Corn, Digestibility, feed technology, Net energy, Particle size, Pelleting

Authors:

Lee, Rodriguez, Paulk, Stein

Publication Type:

Read more about Pelleting and particle size reduction of corn increase net energy and digestibility of fiber, protein, and fat in corn‑soybean meal diets fed to group‑housed pigs

Feed preference of weanling pigs fed diets containing extruded corn ground to different particle sizes

Extrusion results in increased digestibility of energy, which is primarily due to increased gelatinization of starch. Because this process improves flavor of cereal grains, it is known that extrusion improves palatability in pig diets. Particle size reduction in cereal grains results in an improved digestibility of nutrients due to increased surface area of grains, which subsequently increases the interaction with digestive enzymes. However, because grinding changes the textural traits of grains, the palatability of feeds is low and thus feed intake of pigs is often reduced.

The feed preference of pigs may be influenced by the characteristics of feed ingredients included in diets, but it is not known if different particle size of extruded corn affects the feed preference of weanling pigs. Therefore, the objective was to test the null hypothesis that there were no effects of reducing particle size of extruded corn on feed preference by weanling pigs.

Keywords:

Corn, Extrusion, Feed intake, Particle size, Preference

Authors:

Marshall, Lee, Stein

Publication Type:

Read more about Feed preference of weanling pigs fed diets containing extruded corn ground to different particle sizes

Interactive effects of reducing particle size and extrusion on energy digestibility and concentrations of digestible energy and metabolizable energy in corn fed to young pigs

Particle size reduction in cereal grains often results in an improved digestibility of starch due to increased surface area of grains, which subsequently increases the interaction with digestive enzymes. Improvement in the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE) upon particle size reduction has also been demonstrated in corn and a number of other ingredients when fed to weanling or growing-finishing pigs.

Keywords:

Corn, Digestibility, Energy, Extrusion, Particle size

Authors:

Marshall, Lee, Stein

Publication Type:

Read more about Interactive effects of reducing particle size and extrusion on energy digestibility and concentrations of digestible energy and metabolizable energy in corn fed to young pigs

Endosperm Hardness in Corn Affects the Digestibility of Energy and Fiber, and Increased Drying Temperature Reduces Amino Acid Digestibility

Espinosa, Charmaine D., Joaquin Cabañas-Ojeda, Edgar Oviedo-Rondon, Hans H. Stein. 2023. Endosperm Hardness in Corn Affects the Digestibility of Energy and Fiber, and Increased Drying Temperature Reduces Amino Acid Digestibility. J. Anim. Sci., Volume 101, Issue Supplement 2, Pages 299–300, doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad341.340. Link to abstract.

Keywords:

Corn, Digestibility, Pigs

Authors:

Espinosa, Cabañas-Ojeda, Oviedo-Rondón, Stein

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Metabolizable Energy and Amino Acid Digestibility by Growing Pigs may be Reduced if Excessive Heat is Applied During Drying of Corn

Oliveira, Maryane Sespere Faria, Leidy J. Torres-Mendoza, Markus K. Wiltafsky-Martin, Hans H. Stein. 2023. Metabolizable Energy and Amino Acid Digestibility by Growing Pigs may be Reduced if Excessive Heat is Applied During Drying of Corn. J. Anim. Sci., Volume 101, Issue Supplement 2, Pages 189–190, doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad341.208. Link to abstract.

Keywords:

Corn, Digestibility, drying, heat

Authors:

Oliveira, Torres-Mendoza, Wiltafsky-Martin, Stein

Publication Type:

Interactive Effects of Pelleting and Particle Size Reduction of Corn on Ileal Digestibility of Starch and Amino Acids in Corn-Soybean Meal Diets Fed to Pigs

Lee, Su A., Diego A. Rodriguez, Hans H. Stein. 2023. Interactive Effects of Pelleting and Particle Size Reduction of Corn on Ileal Digestibility of Starch and Amino Acids in Corn-Soybean Meal Diets Fed to Pigs. J. Anim. Sci. Volume 101, Issue Supplement, Pages 186–187, doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad341.205. Link to abstract.

Keywords:

Corn, Particle size, pellet

Authors:

Lee, Rodriguez, Stein

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Concentration of Net Energy in Corn without or with Microbial Phytase Fed to Group-Housed Pigs

Rodriguez, Diego A., Su A Lee, Hans H. Stein. 2023. Concentration of Net Energy in Corn without or with Microbial Phytase Fed to Group-Housed Pigs. J. Anim. Sci. Volume 101, Issue Supplement 2, Pages 151–152, doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad341.169. Link to abstract.

Keywords:

Corn, Digestibility, Net energy, Phytase

Authors:

Rodriguez, Lee, Stein

Publication Type:

Effects of pelleting and particle size reduction of corn on digestibility of starch, amino acids, fibre and fat, and concentration of net energy in corn-soybean meal diets fed to group-housed pigs

Lee, S. A., D. A. Rodriguez, C. B. Paulk, H. H. Stein. 2023. Effects of pelleting and particle size reduction of corn on digestibility of starch, amino acids, fibre and fat, and concentration of net energy in corn-soybean meal diets fed to group-housed pigs. Animal - science proceedings, Volume 14, Issue 7, Pages 857-858. doi: 10.1016/j.anscip.2023.09.041.

Keywords:

Pelleting, Particle size, Corn, Starch, Amino acids, Fiber, Fat, Net energy, Pigs

Authors:

S.A. Lee a, ⇑, D.A. Rodriguez a, C.B. Paulk b, H.H. Stein a

Publication Type:

Read more about Effects of pelleting and particle size reduction of corn on digestibility of starch, amino acids, fibre and fat, and concentration of net energy in corn-soybean meal diets fed to group-housed pigs

Concentration of net energy in corn without or with microbial phytase fed to group-housed pigs

Corn is the primary grain used in pig diets and provides most energy to the diets. Because energy is the most expensive component in diet formulation, it is critical to accurately determine energy concentrations in corn. Use of exogenous phytase in pig diets has been a standard and most phytase is expected to generate extra-phosphoric effects that result in increases in minerals, amino acid, or energy digestibility. Therefore, phytase companies have provided customers with matrix values that can be used for down specs of energy and nutrients in diet formulation. It is thus important to confirm if dietary phytase releases energy and other nutrients as suggested before using them. To our knowledge, however, there is no information on how much phytase can increase net energy (NE) in corn when fed to group-housed pigs. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that addition of microbial phytase to a corn-based diet increased the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE) and concentration of NE by group-housed growing pigs.

Keywords:

Corn, Feed Phosphate, Group-Housed, Net energy, Phytase

Authors:

Lee, Rodriguez, Stein

Publication Type:

Read more about Concentration of net energy in corn without or with microbial phytase fed to group-housed pigs

Effects of corn hardness and drying temperature on digestibility of energy and nutrients in diets fed to growing pigs

Espinosa, Charmaine D., Joaquin Cabañas-Ojeda, Edgar O. Oviedo-Rondón, and Hans H. Stein. 2023. Effects of corn hardness and drying temperature on digestibility of energy and nutrients in diets fed to growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 101: 1–9. doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad124. Link to full text.

Keywords:

Amino acids, Corn, Digestibility, drying temperature, Energy, Pigs

Authors:

Espinosa, Cabañas-Ojeda, Oviedo-Rondón, Stein

Publication Type:

Weanling pigs consume more feed if hybrid rye replaces corn in diets, but average daily gain and fecal scores are not impacted by hybrid rye

McGhee, Molly L., Jessica P. Acosta, and Hans H. Stein. 2023. Weanling pigs consume more feed if hybrid rye replaces corn in diets, but average daily gain and fecal scores are not impacted by hybrid rye. Translational Animal Science, 7: 1–10. doi.org/10.1093/tas/txad022. Link to full text.

Keywords:

cereal grains, Corn, Growth performance, Hybrid rye, Weanling pigs

Authors:

McGhee, Acosta, Stein

Publication Type:

Effects of different corn sources and drying temperature on digestibility of energy and total dietary fiber in diets fed to growing pigs

Drying temperatures and corn varieties that inherently differ in kernel hardness, virtuousness, and protein solubility index may influence nutrient digestibility in corn. However, information about interactive effects of corn source (i.e., endosperm hardness) and drying method on energy and nutrient digestibility is limited. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that that the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE) and total dietary fiber (TDF) is influenced by corn source and drying temperature.

Keywords:

Corn, Dietary fiber, Digestibility, Energy, Pigs

Authors:

Espinosa, Stein

Publication Type:

Read more about Effects of different corn sources and drying temperature on digestibility of energy and total dietary fiber in diets fed to growing pigs

Effects of different corn sources and drying temperature on ileal digestibility of starch and amino acids in diets fed to growing pigs

Drying temperatures and corn varieties that inherently differ in kernel hardness, virtuousness, and protein solubility index may influence nutrient digestibility in corn. However, information about interactive effects of corn source (i.e., endosperm hardness) and drying method on nutrient digestibility is limited. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that the ileal digestibility of starch, crude protein (CP), and amino acids (AA) is influenced by corn source and drying temperature.

Keywords:

Amino acids, Corn, Digestibility, Pigs, starch Authors: Espinosa, Stein

Authors:

Espinosa, Stein

Publication Type:

Read more about Effects of different corn sources and drying temperature on ileal digestibility of starch and amino acids in diets fed to growing pigs

Metabolizable energy and amino acid digestibility by growing pigs may be reduced if excessive heat is applied during drying of corn

Corn is harvested at a high moisture level, and thus must be dried to less than 15% moisture to ensure safe storage. Improvements to reduce the energy consumption of the dryers have been implemented, especially by increasing the inlet air temperature. However, overheating may have a negative impact on the stability of nutrients, especially amino acids (AA), because Maillard reactions may occur if heat and moisture are applied to feed ingredients. Consequently, Maillard reactions result in a decrease in the concentration and digestibility of AA, and it is possible that energy digestibility is also reduced. Therefore, the objective of these experiments was to test the hypothesis that both the temperature used in drying and the time that heat is applied will affect the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA, and concentration of digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) in corn fed to growing pigs.

Keywords:

Metabolizable energy, Amino Acid, Digestibility, Growing pigs, Corn

Authors:

Oliveira, Stein

Publication Type:

Read more about Metabolizable energy and amino acid digestibility by growing pigs may be reduced if excessive heat is applied during drying of corn

Preference for feed, but not growth performance, is reduced if hybrid rye replaces corn in diets for growing pigs

McGhee, M. L., H. H. Stein. 2023. Preference for feed, but not growth performance, is reduced if hybrid rye replaces corn in diets for growing pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 296 (2023) 115566. doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115566. Link to full text.

Keywords:

Corn, Feed preference, Growing pigs, Growth performance, Hybrid rye

Authors:

McGhee, Stein

Publication Type:

Digestibility of energy and concentrations of digestible and metabolizable energy in high protein corn fermented products fed to growing pigs

New sources of high protein corn co-products have been recently developed and may be included in diets fed to pigs. High protein corn fermented products have been evaluated in several economically important livestock species, but additional information is required with respect to the use of these products in pigs. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) of high protein corn fermented products and in Post MSC DDGS.

Keywords:

Corn, Digestibility, Energy, high protein corn fermented products, Pigs

Authors:

Espinosa, Stein

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