Hans H. Stein

Rice bran, Growth performance, Carcass characteristics, Meat quality, Fat quality

Read more about Effects of Calmin on energy, calcium, phosphorus, and nitrogen balance and on growth performance of weanling pigs

Effects of different levels of full fat or defatted rice bran on growth performance and carcass quality of pigs

Rice bran is the main coproduct of the production of white rice for human consumption, and is used in livestock diets around the world. Rice bran can be full fat (FFRB), with 14 to 25% fat, or defatted (DFRB), containing 3 to 5% fat.

The type of fat in the diet affects the quality of fat in the pig, because pigs deposit fatty acids in approximately the same proportions as they exist in the diet. A high consumption of unsaturated fat can inhibit the pig's own synthesis of fat, which tends to be more saturated. The amount of unsaturated fatty acids in fat can be expressed using the iodine value (IV), where high IVs correspond to more unsaturated fat. Increased IV in pig fat can lead to softer bellies, which are less valuable due to reduced shelf life, increased susceptibility to oxidative damage, and reduced belly sliceability.

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Distillers dried grains with solubles, Low fat distillers dried grains with solubles, Pelleting, Growth performance

Read more about Effects of different levels of full fat or defatted rice bran on growth performance and carcass quality of pigs

Effects of Dakota Gold distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and conventional DDGS on growth performance and carcass quality of pigs fed diets as meal or as pellets

Dakota Gold is a low-oil source of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) produced using a cold-fermentation process. Recent research conducted by the Stein Monogastric Nutrition Laboratory has demonstrated that the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids is greater in Dakota Gold than in conventional DDGS, but Dakota Gold contains less metabolizable energy (ME) than conventional DDGS.

An experiment was conducted to determine effects on growth performance and carcass characteristics of feeding Dakota Gold or conventional DDGS to pigs from weaning to market. Because limited information exists about effects of pelleting on growth performance of pigs fed diets that contain DDGS, this research also tested the effects of feeding diets containing either Dakota Gold or conventional DDGS in a meal form or in a pelleted form.

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Rodriguez, LeeSA, Stein

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Phytase, Growth performance, Phosphorus digestibility, Bone ash

Read more about Effects of Dakota Gold distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and conventional DDGS on growth performance and carcass quality of pigs fed diets as meal or as pellets

Effects of graded levels of an Escherichia coli phytase on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility of phosphorus, and on bone parameters of weanling pigs fed phosphorus-deficient corn-soybean meal based diets

She, Y., Y. Liu, J. C. González-Vega, and H. H. Stein. 2017. Effects of graded levels of an Escherichia coli phytase on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility of phosphorus, and on bone parameters of weanling pigs fed phosphorus-deficient corn-soybean meal based diets. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 232:102-109. Link to abstract

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She, Liu, González-Vega, Stein

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Soy protein concentrate, Particle size, Amino acid digestibility, Metabolizable energy, Growth performance

Effect of particle size of soy protein concentrate on amino acid digestibility and concentration of metabolizable energy and effects of soy protein concentrate on growth performance of weanling pigs

Casas, G. A., C. Huang, and H. H. Stein. 2017. Effect of particle size of soy protein concentrate on amino acid digestibility and concentration of metabolizable energy and effects of soy protein concentrate on growth performance of weanling pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 95(Suppl. 5):148 (Abstr.) Link to abstract (.pdf)

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Casas, Huang, Stein

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Direct-fed microbials, Dietary fiber, Growth performance, Gene expression, Volatile fatty acids

Effects of a 3 strain Bacillus-based direct-fed microbial and dietary fiber concentration on growth performance and expression of genes related to absorption and metabolism of volatile fatty acids in weanling pigs

Jaworski, N. W., A. Owusu-Asiedu, M. C. Walsh, J. C. McCann, J. J. Loor, and H. H. Stein. 2017. Effects of a 3 strain Bacillus-based direct-fed microbial and dietary fiber concentration on growth performance and expression of genes related to absorption and metabolism of volatile fatty acids in weanling pigs. J. Anim. Sci 95:308-319. Link to full text (.pdf)

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Jaworski, Owusu-Asiedu, Walsh, McCann, Loor, Stein

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Canola meal, High protein canola meal, Growth performance, Energy intake, Mannanase

Effects of diet energy concentration and an exogenous carbohydrase on growth performance of weanling pigs fed diets containing canola meal produced from high protein or conventional canola seeds

Pedersen, T. F., Y. Liu, and H. H. Stein. 2016. Effects of diet energy concentration and an exogenous carbohydrase on growth performance of weanling pigs fed diets containing canola meal produced from high protein or conventional canola seeds. J. Anim. Sci 94:5206-5218. Link to full text (.pdf)

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Pedersen, Liu, Stein

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Copper, Tribasic copper chloride, Growth performance, Diarrhea

Effect of adding tribasic copper chloride (TBCC) to diets for weanling pigs

Copper is an essential micronutrient for animals. It is involved in cellular respiration and connective tissue development as well as being an essential component of several enzymes. High doses of copper—about 20 times the nutritional requirement—have been shown to improve growth performance in pigs. This may be because copper has an antimicrobial effect in the intestinal tract.

When supplemental copper is added to pig diets, it is usually in the form of copper sulfate. However, another form called tribasic copper chloride (TBCC) has been shown to be equally effective and may be more bioavailable, but it is not yet known how much TBCC should be fed to optimize performance. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to determine the effects of adding 100 or 200 mg/kg TBCC to diets fed to weanling pigs.

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Espinosa, Stein

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Read more about Effect of adding tribasic copper chloride (TBCC) to diets for weanling pigs

Use of feed technology to improve the nutritional value of feed ingredients

Rojas, O. J. and H. H. Stein. 2016. Use of feed technology to improve the nutritional value of feed ingredients. Anim. Prod. Sci. 56:1312-1316. Link to full text (.pdf)

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Pelleting, Extrusion, Dietary fiber, Energy digestibility, Digestible energy, Metabolizable energy, Particle size, Growth performance

Authors:

Rojas, Stein

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Effects of full fat or defatted rice bran on growth performance and blood characteristics of weanling pigs

Casas, G. A. and H. H. Stein. 2016. Effects of full fat or defatted rice bran on growth performance and blood characteristics of weanling pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 94:4179-4187. Link to full text (.pdf)

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Rice bran, Xylanase, Growth performance

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Calcium carbonate, Particle size, Calcium digestibility, Calcium retention, Growth performance

Particle size of calcium carbonate does not affect apparent and standardized total tract digestibility of calcium, retention of calcium, or growth performance of growing pigs

Merriman, L. A. and H. H. Stein. 2016. Particle size of calcium carbonate does not affect apparent and standardized total tract digestibility of calcium, retention of calcium, or growth performance of growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 94:3844-3850. Link to full text (.pdf)

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Merriman, Stein

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Calcium requirements, Growth performance, Bone ash, Gene expression

Requirement for digestible calcium by eleven- to twenty-five–kg pigs as determined by growth performance, bone ash concentration, calcium and phosphorus balances, and expression of genes involved in transport of calcium in intestinal and kidney cells

González-Vega, J. C., Y. Liu, J. C. McCann, C. L. Walk, J. J. Loor, and H. H. Stein. 2016. Requirement for digestible calcium by eleven- to twenty-five–kilogram pigs as determined by growth performance, bone ash concentration, calcium and phosphorus balances, and expression of genes involved in transport of calcium in intestinal and kidney cells. J. Anim. Sci. 94:3321-3334. Link to full text (.pdf)

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González-Vega, Liu, McCann, Walk, Loor, Stein

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High protein canola meal, Phosphorus digestibility, Growth performance

Effects of high protein canola meal on digestibility of phosphorus and growth performance of weanling pigs

She, Y., H. H. Salgado, D. Li, and H. H. Stein. 2016. Effects of high protein canola meal on digestibility of phosphorus and growth performance of weanling pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 94(E-Suppl. 5):457 (Abstr.) Link to abstract (.pdf)

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She, Salgado, LiDF, Stein

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Effects of full fat or defatted rice bran and microbial xylanase on growth performance of weanling pigs

Casas, G. A. and H. H. Stein. 2016. Effects of full fat or defatted rice bran and microbial xylanase on growth performance of weanling pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 94(E-Suppl. 5):441 (Abstr.) Link to abstract (.pdf)

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Rice bran, Xylanase, Growth performance

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Soy protein concentrate, Growth performance

Effects of using soy protein concentrate as a protein source in diets fed to weanling pigs

Because of the presence of antinutritional factors, the use of soybean meal in weanling pig diets is limited. Animal protein sources can be used, but their cost is high relative to plant protein sources. Therefore, it is economically advantageous to find high quality plant protein sources that weanling pigs can tolerate.

Soybean meal can be processed in various ways to remove or reduce antinutritional factors. One way is to use an alcohol extraction process to remove water-soluble carbohydrates, followed by heat treatment. This process produces soy protein concentrate. An experiment was conducted to determine effects of feeding a soy protein concentrate product called X-SOY 200 on growth performance and blood parameters in weanling pigs.

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Pelleting, Distillers dried grains with solubles, Growth performance, Carcass characteristics

Read more about Effects of using soy protein concentrate as a protein source in diets fed to weanling pigs

Effects of pelleting diets without or with distillers’ dried grains with solubles on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and gastrointestinal weights of growing–finishing barrows and gilts

Overholt, M. F., J. E. Lowell, E. K. Arkfeld, I. M. Grossman, H. H. Stein, A. C. Dilger and D. D. Boler. 2016. Effects of pelleting diets without or with distillers’ dried grains with solubles on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and gastrointestinal weights of growing–finishing barrows and gilts. J. Anim. Sci. 94:2172-2183. Link to full text (.pdf)

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Overholt, Lowell, Arkfeld, Grossman, Stein, Dilger, Boler

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Effects of full fat or defatted rice bran on growth performance of weanling pigs

Rice bran is the brown outer layer of brown rice, which is removed from brown rice to produce white polished rice for human consumption. Rice bran may be full fat, containing 14 to 25% fat, or defatted, which reduces the concentration of fat to less than 5%.

Rice bran has a high concentration of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), primarily arabinoxylan and cellulose. NSPs decrease nutrient digestibility and thus limit the inclusion of rice bran in weanling pig diets. Recent data from our laboratory indicate that adding exogenous xylanase to diets containing full fat rice bran (FFRB) or defatted rice bran (DFRB) increases the concentrations of digestible and metabolizable energy. The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of increased inclusion levels of FFRB or DFRB to diets without or with exogenous xylanase on growth performance.

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Xylanase, Rice bran, Growth performance

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Read more about Effects of full fat or defatted rice bran on growth performance of weanling pigs

Effects of a novel phytase on growth performance and metacarpal bone ash in weanling pigs

Liu, Y., J. C. González-Vega, M. Vázquez-Añón, J. Zhao, J. Escobar, F. N. Almeida, and H. H. Stein. 2016. Effects of a novel phytase on growth performance and metacarpal bone ash in weanling pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 94(Suppl. 2):111-112 (Abstr.) Link to abstract (.pdf)

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Phytase, Growth performance, Bone ash

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Liu, González-Vega, Vázquez-Añón, Zhao, Escobar, AlmeidaFN, Stein

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Calcium requirements, Ca:P ratio, Growth performance, Bone ash

Requirement for digestible calcium by 25 to 50 kg pigs at different dietary concentration of phosphorus by growth performance and bone ash concentration

An excess of calcium in swine diets may increase excretion of phosphorus due to formation of Ca-P complexes. Therefore, when formulating diets for pigs, it is important to consider the ratio of calcium to phosphorus. The proper ratio should ensure that both minerals are maximally utilized in the bodies of the pigs.

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Authors:

González-Vega, Walk, Stein

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Particle size, Corn, Growth performance, Carcass characteristics

Read more about Requirement for digestible calcium by 25 to 50 kg pigs at different dietary concentration of phosphorus by growth performance and bone ash concentration

Effects of particle size of yellow dent corn on physical characteristics of diets and growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing–finishing pigs

Rojas, O. J., Y. Liu, and H. H. Stein. 2016. Effects of particle size of yellow dent corn on physical characteristics of diets and growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing–finishing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 94:619-628. Link to full text (.pdf)

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Rojas, Liu, Stein

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