Hans H. Stein

Digestibility of phosphorus in enhanced torula yeast and fish meal fed to weanling pigs

An enhanced torula yeast was recently developed as a natural alternative protein source to fish meal and other animal proteins. This ingredient has a lower carbon footprint than other available yeast proteins because it is derived from forestry by-products. The enhanced torula yeast has an improved amino acid (AA) profile, a greater digestibility of AA than fish meal, and an energy value that is not different from that in fish meal. However, there are no data available about the digestibility values of P in this new ingredient. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that the values for apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P in enhanced torula yeast are not different from those in fish meal.

Keywords:

Digestibility, Phosphorus, enhanced torula yeast, Fish meal, Pigs

Authors:

Lagos, Stein

Publication Type:

Read more about Digestibility of phosphorus in enhanced torula yeast and fish meal fed to weanling pigs

Sows in mid-gestation have reduced digestibility and retention of calcium and phosphorus compared with growing pigs

Lee, S., C. Walk, and H. Stein. 2018. Sows in mid-gestation have reduced digestibility and retention of calcium and phosphorus compared with growing pigs. 14th International Symposium on Digestive Physiology of Pigs. Adv. Anim. Biosci. Volume 9, Issue S2, 9:S193-194. (Abstr.). Link to abstract

Keywords:

Sows, Gestation, Digestibility, Retention, Calcium, Phosphorus, Growing pigs

Authors:

Lee, Walk, and Stein

Publication Type:

Basal endogenous loss, standardized total tract digestibility of calcium in calcium carbonate, and retention of calcium in gestating sows change during gestation, but microbial phytase reduces basal endogenous loss of calcium

Lee, Su A, L. Vanessa Lagos, Carrie L. Walk, and Hans H. Stein. 2019. Basal endogenous loss, standardized total tract digestibility of calcium in calcium carbonate, and retention of calcium in gestating sows change during gestation, but microbial phytase reduces basal endogenous loss of calcium. J. Anim. Sci. 2019.97:1712–1721. Link to full text.

Keywords:

Calcium, Digestibility, Phosphorus, Phytase, Retention, Sows

Authors:

Lee, Lagos, Walk, Stein

Publication Type:

Increasing levels of microbial phytase increases the digestibility of energy and minerals in diets fed to pigs

Arredondo Mónica A., Gloria A. Casas, Hans H. Stein. 2019. Increasing levels of microbial phytase increases the digestibility of energy and minerals in diets fed to pigs. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 248: 27 - 36. Link to full text.

Keywords:

Calcium, Minerals, Digestibility, Phytase, Phosphorus, Pigs

Authors:

Arredondo, Casas, Stein

Publication Type:

Nutritional value of high-lysine sorghum, red sorghum, white sorghum, and yellow dent corn fed to growing pigs

Sorghum is used as an alternative to corn due to its lower cost and wide availability. However, conventional sorghum contains high concentration of tannin and phytate, which act as antinutritional factors. Use of microbial phytase may hydrolyze phytate and subsequently improve P absorption. High-lysine sorghum is a new variety of sorghum which may be comparable to other cereal grains and may serve as alternative to corn for pigs. However, there are at this point no data for effects of adding phytase to diets containing sorghum and no data to demonstrate the nutritional value of high-lysine sorghum.

Therefore, 2 experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that inclusion of 500 phytase units (FTU)/kg of microbial phytase improves the standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P in sorghum varieties. The second hypothesis was that the STTD of P, as well as concentrations of digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) in high-lysine sorghum is not different from that of corn and other sources of sorghum.

Keywords:

Digestibility, Energy, Phosphorus, Growth performance, Pigs, Sorghum

Authors:

Espinosa, Stein

Publication Type:

Read more about Nutritional value of high-lysine sorghum, red sorghum, white sorghum, and yellow dent corn fed to growing pigs

Basal endogenous loss, standardized total tract digestibility, and retention of calcium in gestating sows changes during gestation, but microbial phytase reduces basal endogenous loss of calcium by gestating sows

Standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of Ca has been determined for most Ca containing ingredients fed to growing pigs, but the basal endogenous loss of Ca is greater and the STTD of Ca in sows in mid-gestation are less than in growing pigs. As a consequence, if diets for gestating sows are formulated using STTD values determined in growing pigs, the provisions of digestible Ca may be less than anticipated.

The efficacy of phytase to release Ca and P is believed to be influenced by the physiological state of pigs with phytase fed to sows in mid-gestation releasing less Ca and P compared with growing pigs or sows in late-gestation. However, it is not known if values for STTD of Ca or retention of Ca and P that are measured in one period of gestation are representative of the entire gestation period.

Therefore, an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that the STTD of Ca from calcium carbonate and the response to microbial phytase on STTD of Ca and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of P in corn-based diets fed to gestating sows are constant throughout the gestating period for sows. The second objective was to test the hypothesis that retention of Ca and P does not change during gestation.

Keywords:

Calcium, Digestibility, Basal endogenous loss, Phosphorus, Trimester, Retention

Authors:

LeeSA, Stein

Publication Type:

Read more about Basal endogenous loss, standardized total tract digestibility, and retention of calcium in gestating sows changes during gestation, but microbial phytase reduces basal endogenous loss of calcium by gestating sows

Comparative digestibility and retention rate of calcium and phosphorus in low- and high-phytate diets fed to gestating sows and growing pigs

Digestibility of Ca and P is most correctly determined as standardized total tract digestibility (STTD). Data for the STTD of P in most feed ingredients have been published, and the STTD of Ca has also been determined in many feed ingredients. However, in practical diet formulation, values for STTD of Ca and P obtained in growing pigs are also applied to sows although there is a lack of comparative data between growing pigs and sows.

Therefore, an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that no differences exist between gestating sows and growing pigs for basal endogenous losses, STTD, and retention of Ca and P.

Keywords:

Calcium, Digestibility, Basal endogenous loss, Gestating sow, Phosphorus, Retention

Authors:

LeeSA, Stein

Publication Type:

Read more about Comparative digestibility and retention rate of calcium and phosphorus in low- and high-phytate diets fed to gestating sows and growing pigs

Inclusion of excess dietary calcium in diets for 100- to 130-kg growing pigs reduces feed intake and daily gain if dietary phosphorus is at or below the requirement

Merriman, L. A., C. L. Walk, M. R. Murphy, C. M. Parsons, and H. H. Stein. 2017. Inclusion of excess dietary calcium in diets for 100- to 130-kg growing pigs reduces feed intake and daily gain if dietary phosphorus is at or below the requirement. J. Anim. Sci. 95:5439-5446. Link to abstract

Keywords:

Calcium, Phosphorus, Growth performance

Authors:

Merriman, Walk, Murphy, Parsons, Stein

Publication Type:

Calcium digestibility, Calcium requirements, Phosphorus

Requirement for digestible calcium by 25 to 50 kg pigs at different dietary concentrations of phosphorus as indicated by growth performance, bone ash concentration, and calcium and phosphorus balances

González-Vega, J. C., C. L. Walk, M. R. Murphy, and H. H. Stein. 2016. Requirement for digestible calcium by 25 to 50 kg pigs at different dietary concentrations of phosphorus as indicated by growth performance, bone ash concentration, and calcium and phosphorus balances. J. Anim. Sci. 94:5272-5285. Link to full text (.pdf)

Keywords:

Authors:

González-Vega, Walk, Murphy, Stein

Publication Type:

Effect of diets formulated based on standardized total tract digestible phosphorus fed to growing pigs

Abelilla, J. J., R. C. Sulabo, H. H. Stein, S. P. Acda, A. A. Angeles, M. C. R. Oliveros, and F. E. Merca. 2015. Effect of diets formulated based on standardized total tract digestible phosphorus fed to growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 93(Suppl. 2):52-53 (Abstr.) Link to abstract (.pdf)

Keywords:

Phosphorus, Phytase, Rice bran

Authors:

Abelilla, Acda, Angeles, Oliveros, Merca, Stein, Sulabo

Publication Type:

Phosphorus, Phosphorus digestibility, Phytase, Fermented soybean meal

Nutritional value of soybean products

Sotak, K. M. and H. H. Stein. 2014. Nutritional value of soybean products. Pages 19-25 in Proc. Midwest Swine Nutr. Conf. Indianapolis, IN, Sep. 4, 2014. Link to full text (.pdf)

Keywords:

Energy, Phosphorus, Calcium, Soybean meal, Dietary fat, Fermented soybean meal, Dietary crude protein, Enzyme-treated soybean meal, Carbohydrates

Authors:

Stein, Sotak-Peper

Publication Type:

Conference proceedings

Digestibility of phosphorus by growing pigs of fermented and conventional soybean meal without and with microbial phytase

Rojas, O. J. and H. H. Stein. 2012. Digestibility of phosphorus by growing pigs of fermented and conventional soybean meal without and with microbial phytase. J. Anim. Sci. 90:1506-1512. Link to full text (.pdf)

Keywords:

Authors:

Rojas, Stein

Publication Type:

Evaluation of the nutritional value of sources of canola meal fed to pigs

Canola meal is produced from the rapeseed plant, a relative of broccoli and mustard. Natural rapeseed contains glucosinolates, which make feed unpalatable, and erucic acid, which is toxic to animals. These anti-nutritional factors are heat-stable, and therefore, cannot be removed by heat-treating rapeseed. Rapeseed, which is low in both glucosinolates and erucic acid, has been produced by hybridization, and is called canola in Canada and the United States and 00-rapeseed in Europe. Oil can be removed from canola and rapeseeds via solvent extraction or mechanically expelling. The solvent extraction process results in production of canola meal or 00-rapeseed meal and mechanical expelling of oil results in production of canola expellers or 00-rapeseed expellers.

The objective of this study was to compare the chemical compositions of canola meal from North America and 00-rapeseed meal from Europe and to compare the composition of 00-rapeseed meal and 00-rapeseed expellers. Ten samples of canola meal were collected from crushing plants in North America, and eleven samples of 00-rapeseed meal and five samples of 00-rapeseed expellers were collected from crushing plants in Europe. The samples were analyzed for energy, fat, sugar, starch, fiber, crude protein, amino acids, and minerals.

Keywords:

Amino acids, Phosphorus, Calcium, Minerals, Starch, Canola meal, Dietary fat, Dietary fiber, Dietary crude protein, Energy concentration, Carbohydrates

Authors:

Maison, Stein

Publication Type:

Phosphorus, Phosphorus digestibility, Alternative feed ingredients, Phytase, Copra expeller, Palm kernel expeller, Palm kernel meal

Read more about Evaluation of the nutritional value of sources of canola meal fed to pigs

Effects of phytase on standardized total tract digestibility of P in copra expellers, palm kernel expellers, and palm kernel meal fed to growing pigs

Almaguer, B. L., R. C. Sulabo, and H. H. Stein. 2011. Effects of phytase on standardized total tract digestibility of P in copra expellers, palm kernel expellers, and palm kernel meal fed to growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 89(E-Suppl. 1):187 (Abstr.) Link to abstract (.pdf)

Keywords:

Authors:

Almaguer, Stein, Sulabo

Publication Type:

Phosphorus, Phosphorus digestibility, Alternative feed ingredients

Standardized total tract digestibility of P in dried fermentation biomass, Peptone 50, and P.E.P. 2 Plus fed to weanling pigs

Mathai, J. K., R. C. Sulabo, J. L. Usry, B. W. Ratliff, D. M. McKilligan, and H. H. Stein. 2011. Standardized total tract digestibility of P in dried fermentation biomass, Peptone 50, and P.E.P. 2 Plus fed to weanling pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 89(E-Suppl. 1):85 (Abstr.) Link to abstract (.pdf)

Keywords:

Authors:

Mathai, Ratliff, McKilligan, Stein, Usry, Sulabo

Publication Type:

Phosphorus, Phosphorus digestibility, Phytase

Effects of graded levels of microbial phytase on the standardized total tract digestibility of phosphorus in corn and corn co-products

Corn contains approximately 0.26% phosphorus, but most of this phosphorus is bound to phytic acid, or phytate, and thus is not bioavailable to pigs because they lack the enzyme phytase. Corn-based diets can be supplemented with inorganic phosphorus to help meet pigs' phosphorus needs; however, rising costs of inorganic phosphorus makes this approach increasingly uneconomical. Helping pigs digest more of the phosphorus that naturally occurs in the diet could provide a cost-effective alternative to inorganic phosphorus supplementation while also helping to reduce the environmental burden of excreted phosphorus. An experiment was conducted to determine how adding graded levels of microbial phytase affected the standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of phosphorus in corn and corn co-products. From these data, regression equations were developed to predict the response to adding different levels of phytase to each ingredient.

Keywords:

Authors:

AlmeidaFN, Stein

Publication Type:

Phosphorus, Calcium, Phosphorus digestibility

Read more about Effects of graded levels of microbial phytase on the standardized total tract digestibility of phosphorus in corn and corn co-products

Concentration of dietary calcium supplied by calcium carbonate does not affect the apparent total tract digestibility of calcium, but decreases digestibility of phosphorus by growing pigs

Stein, H. H., O. Adeola, G. L. Cromwell, S. W. Kim, D. C. Mahan, and P. S. Miller. 2011. Concentration of dietary calcium supplied by calcium carbonate does not affect the apparent total tract digestibility of calcium, but decreases digestibility of phosphorus by growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 89:2139-2144. Link to full text (.pdf)

Keywords:

Authors:

Kim, Mahan, Cromwell, Miller, Adeola, Stein

Publication Type:

Energy, Phosphorus, Phosphorus digestibility, Phytase, Enzyme-treated soybean meal

Phosphorus digestibility and energy concentration of enzyme-treated and conventional soybean meal fed to weanling pigs

Goebel, K. P., and H. H. Stein. 2011. Phosphorus digestibility and energy concentration of enzyme-treated and conventional soybean meal fed to weanling pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 89:764–772. Link to full text (.pdf)

Keywords:

Authors:

Goebel, Stein

Publication Type:

Phosphorus, Monocalcium phosphate, Dicalcium phosphate, Bone ash, Bone-breaking strength

Relative bioavailability of phosphorus in inorganic phosphorus sources fed to growing pigs

Petersen, G. I., C. Pedersen, M. D. Lindemann and H. H. Stein. 2011. Relative bioavailability of phosphorus in inorganic phosphorus sources fed to growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 89:460-466. Link to full text (.pdf)

Keywords:

Authors:

Petersen, Lindemann, Pedersen, Stein

Publication Type: