Growing pigs

Effects of dietary leucine concentration on branched-chain amino acid metabolism in growing pigs

Leucine, Val, and Ile are categorized as the branched-chain AA (BCAA) because of the structural similarity of their side chains. All 3 BCAA share the enzymes that are involved in the first 2 steps of their catabolic pathway. The first step is a transamination step catalyzed by BCAA transaminase (BCAT) and producing branched-chain α-keto acids (BCKA). The second step is an irreversible degradation step catalyzed by branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH). In the second step, Leu has been considered a key regulator as its BCKA metabolite (α-keto isocaproate) stimulates activation of the BCKDH complex in the liver. When excess Leu in diets is offered to pigs, degradation of all 3 BCAA may increase because of increased activity of BCAT and BCKDH. Leucine and Trp are both categorized as large neutral AA, and they share a common uptake pathway across the blood-brain barrier. Therefore, it is possible that excessive Leu may result in reduced Trp uptake into the brain due to competition for transporters, resulting in reduced serotonin synthesis.

 

Keywords: 
Growing pigs, leucine, Amino Acid
Authors: 
Kwon, Stein
Publication Type: 
Research Reports

Effects of two direct fed microbials on ileal digestibility of amino acids and total tract digestibility of crude protein and gross energy in diets fed to growing pigs

Direct fed microbials (DFM) are defined as live microorganisms that offer a health benefit for the host when administered in appropriate and regular quantities. Bacillus-based DFM are aerobic, spore-forming bacteria that may enhance the host animal’s immune response and improve growth performance in weanling pigs. Bacillus spp. also produce extracellular enzymes that may enhance digestibility and absorption of nutrients.

An experiment was, therefore, conducted to test the hypothesis that two DFM containing Bacillus strains (provided by Chr. Hansen A/S, Horsholm, Denmark) improve the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of AA, CP, and GE, the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of CP and GE, and hindgut digestibility of CP and GE when fed to growing pigs.

 

Keywords: 
Direct-fed microbials, Ileal digestibility, Amino acids, Growing pigs
Authors: 
Blavi, Stein
Publication Type: 
Research Reports

Calcium digestibility and requirements for digestible calcium by growing pigs

González-Vega, J. C., L. M. Merriman, and H. H. Stein. Calcium digestibility and requirements for digestible calcium by growing pigs. Pages 57-61 in Proc. Midwest Swine Nutr. Conf. Indianapolis, IN, Sep. 9, 2016. Link to full text (.pdf)

Keywords: 
Calcium digestibility, Calcium requirements, Growing pigs
Authors: 
González-Vega, Merriman, Stein
Publication Type: 
Conference proceedings

Digestible calcium requirements for 25 to 50 kg pigs

González-Vega, J. C., C. L. Walk, and H. H. Stein. 2016. Digestible calcium requirements for 25 to 50 kg pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 94(Suppl. 2):101 (Abstr.) Link to abstract (.pdf)

Keywords: 
Calcium requirements, Growing pigs
Authors: 
González-Vega, Walk, Stein
Publication Type: 
Abstracts

Requirements for digestible Ca by growing pigs

González-Vega, J. C., C. L. Walk, and H. H. Stein. 2016. Requirements for digestible Ca by growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 94(Suppl. 2):101 (Abstr.) Link to abstract (.pdf)

Keywords: 
Calcium requirements, Growing pigs
Authors: 
González-Vega, Walk, Stein
Publication Type: 
Abstracts

Comparative digestibility of energy and nutrients in diets fed to sows and growing pigs

Lowell, J. E., Y. Liu, and H. H. Stein. 2015. Comparative digestibility of energy and nutrients in diets fed to sows and growing pigs. Arch. Anim. Nutr. 69:79-97. Link to full text (.pdf)

Keywords: 
Protein digestibility, Growing pigs, Pregnant sows, Digestible energy, Metabolizable energy, Fiber digestibility
Authors: 
Lowell, Liu, Stein
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Comparative digestibility of energy and nutrients in feed ingredients fed to sows and growing pigs

Lowell, J. E., Y. Liu, and H. H. Stein. 2014. Comparative digestibility of energy and nutrients in feed ingredients fed to sows and growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci 92(E-Suppl. 2):226 (Abstr.) Link to abstract (.pdf)

Keywords: 
Amino acid digestibility, Energy digestibility, Growing pigs, Pregnant sows, Fiber digestibility
Authors: 
Lowell, Liu, Stein
Publication Type: 
Abstracts

Effects of reducing the particle size of corn on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs

Rojas, O. J. and H. H. Stein. 2014. Effects of reducing the particle size of corn on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 92(Suppl. 2):52 (Abstr.) Link to abstract (.pdf)

Keywords: 
Growth performance, Corn, Growing pigs, Carcass characteristics, Particle size
Authors: 
Rojas, Stein
Publication Type: 
Abstracts

Amino acid digestibility of corn distillers solubles-related co-products in growing pigs

Soares, J. A., H. H. Stein, G. C. Shurson, and J. E. Pettigrew. 2009. Amino acid digestibility of corn distillers solubles-related co-products in growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 87 (E-Suppl. 3):67 (Abstr.) Link to abstract (.pdf)

Keywords: 
Amino acid digestibility, Growing pigs, Corn distillers solubles
Authors: 
AlmeidaJAS, Shurson, Pettigrew, Stein
Publication Type: 
Abstracts

Effects of virginiamycin on microbial ecology in ileal digesta and feces of growing pigs

M. Song, L. L. Stewart, J. Barnes, B. R. Gramm, R. D. Nimmo, H. H. Stein, J. E. Pettigrew. 2008. Effects of virginiamycin on microbial ecology in ileal digesta and feces of growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 86(E-Suppl. 2):53-54 (Abstr.) Link to abstract (.pdf)

Keywords: 
Microbial ecology, Antibiotics, Growing pigs, Microflora, Bacteria, Virginiamycin
Authors: 
Gramm, Nimmo, Barnes, Pettigrew, Stein, Stewart, Song
Publication Type: 
Abstracts

Assessment of the feeding value of South Dakota grown field peas for growing pigs

Stein, H. H., R. A. Bohlke, V. Rayadurg, D. Peters, and R. C. Thaler. 2002. Assessment of the feeding value of South Dakota grown field peas for growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 80(Suppl. 2):63 (Abstr.) Link to abstract (.pdf)

Keywords: 
Amino acids, Amino acid digestibility, Field peas, Growing pigs
Authors: 
Peters, Bohlke, Rayadurg, Stein, Thaler
Publication Type: 
Abstracts

Formulating diets to reproducing and growing pigs using field peas

Stein, H. H. 2006. Formulating diets to reproducing and growing pigs using field peas. P 43-49 in Proc. 2nd joint meeting of the MPA of ND and NDPC. Fargo, ND, November 28-29, 2006. Link to full text (.pdf)

Keywords: 
Sows, Weanling pigs, Field peas, Growing pigs, Diet formulation
Authors: 
Stein
Publication Type: 
Conference proceedings

Possibilities for feeding low-protein diets to weanling and growing pigs

Stein, H. H. 2006. Possibilities for feeding low-protein diets to weanling and growing pigs. P. 1-6 in Proc. Degussa Tech. Symp. at the Carolina Nutr. Conf., Sep. 26, Raleigh, NC. Link to full text (.pdf)

Keywords: 
Weanling pigs, Ammonia, Growing pigs, Manure, Nitrogen excretion, Low protein diets
Authors: 
Stein
Publication Type: 
Conference proceedings

Comparative amino acid digestibilities in adult sows and growing pigs

Stein, H. H., 1997. Comparative amino acid digestibilities in adult sows and growing pigs. In: Proc. of Swine Summit '97. p. 74-79. Heartland Lysine Inc., Chicago, IL USA.  Link to full text (.pdf)

Keywords: 
Sows, Amino acids, Digestibility, Amino acid digestibility, Growing pigs
Authors: 
Stein
Publication Type: 
Conference proceedings

Evaluating the effects of supplemental B vitamins in practical swine diets during the starter and grower-finisher periods

Mahan, D. C., S. D. Carter, T. R. Cline, G. Hill, S. W. Kim, P. S. Miller, J. L. Nelssen, H. H. Stein, and T. L. Veum. 2007. Evaluating the effects of supplemental B vitamins in practical swine diets during the starter and grower-finisher periods. A regional study. J. Anim. Sci. 85:2190-2197. Link to full text (.pdf)

Keywords: 
Growing pigs, Nursery pigs, B vitamins, Vitamins
Authors: 
Kim, Mahan, Carter, Hill, Miller, Nelssen, Cline, Stein, Veum
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Calcium, phosphorus, and amino acid digestibility in low-phytate corn, normal corn, and soybean meal by growing pigs

Bohlke, R. A., R. C. Thaler, and H. H. Stein. 2005. Calcium, phosphorus, and amino acid digestibility in low-phytate corn, normal corn, and soybean meal by growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci.83:2396-2403. Link to full text (.pdf)

Keywords: 
Amino acids, Digestibility, Phosphorus, Calcium, Low phytate corn, Soybean meal, Corn, Growing pigs
Authors: 
Bohlke, Stein, Thaler
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

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