Stein

Standardized total tract digestibility of phosphorus in bakery meal fed to pigs and effects of bakery meal on growth performance of weanling pigs

Luciano, A., C. D. Espinosa, L. Pinotti, H. H. Stein. 2022. Standardized total tract digestibility of phosphorus in bakery meal fed to pigs and effects of bakery meal on growth performance of weanling pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 284: 115148. doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.115148.

Reduced dietary Ca and P did not affect gastric pH or fecal score, but reduced growth performance and bone ash, whereas increased microbial phytase increased plasma inositol, and feed efficiency of weanling pigs

Lagos, L. V., and H. H. Stein. 2021. Reduced dietary Ca and P did not affect gastric pH or fecal score, but reduced growth performance and bone ash, whereas increased microbial phytase increased plasma inositol, and feed efficiency of weanling pigs. National Hog Farmer, On-line edition, September, 2021. Link to full text.

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Replacing corn with bakery meal in weanling pig diets: effect on welfare and growth performance

Luciano, A., C. D. Espinosa, L. Pinotti, and H. H. Stein. 2021. Replacing corn with bakery meal in weanling pig diets: effect on welfare and growth performance. Book of Abstracts. 72nd Ann. Meet. European Fed. Anim.  Sci. Aug. 30 – Sep. 3, 2021, Davos Switzerland. Page 413. Link to abstract.

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Can high dietary copper supplementation co-select antibiotic resistance genes in the swine gut microbiome

Brinck, J. E., S. B. Lassen, A. Monteiro, L. Blavi, D. Solà, H. H. Stein, J. Q. Su, and K. R. Brandt. 2021. Can high dietary copper supplementation co-select antibiotic resistance genes in the swine gut microbiome. In book of abstracts. Intl. Caparica Conf. Antibiotic Resistance. June 13 – 17, 2021. Caparica, Portugal. p. 77. Link to Abstract.

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Effects of two copper sources on oxidative stress, inflammation, and gene abundance on growing pigs

Blavi, L., J. F. Pérez, A. Forouzandeh, F. González, M. de Angelo, A. Roméo, H. H. Stein, and D. Solà. 2021. Effects of two copper sources on oxidative stress, inflammation, and gene abundance on growing pigs. Book of Abstracts. 72nd Ann. Meet. European Fed. Anim.  Sci. Aug. 30 – Sep. 3, 2021, Davos, Switzerland. Page 360.

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Enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation of soy flour to produce ethanol and soy protein concentrate with increased polyphenols

Agrawal, Ruchir M., Michael J. Miller, Vijay Singh, Hans H. Stein, Pawan S. Takhar. 2022. Enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation of soy flour to produce ethanol and soy protein concentrate with increased polyphenols. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.: 1–13. DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12573. Link to full text .

Calcium and phosphorus in late gestation.

Lee, Su A, and H. H. Stein. 2022. Calcium and phosphorus in late gestation. National Hog Farmer, On-line edition, January, 2022. Link to full text.

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Effects of dietary leucine and tryptophan on serotonin metabolism and growth performance of growing pigs

Kwon, Woong B., Jose A. Soto, and Hans H. Stein. 2022. Effects of dietary leucine and tryptophan on serotonin metabolism and growth performance of growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 100, 1–10. doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab356. Link to full text. 

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Increased microbial phytase increased phytate destruction, plasma inositol, and feed efficiency of weanling pigs, but reduced dietary calcium and phosphorus did not affect gastric pH or fecal score and reduced growth performance and bone ash

Lagos, L. Vanessa, Mike R. Bedford, and Hans H. Stein. 2021. Increased microbial phytase increased phytate destruction, plasma inositol, and feed efficiency of weanling pigs, but reduced dietary calcium and phosphorus did not affect gastric pH or fecal score and reduced growth performance and bone ash. J. Anim. Sci. 99: 12, 1-13. doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab333.

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Long-term steam conditioning is needed to maximize the nutritional value of expander-processed soybean expellers

Espinosa, Charmaine D., Maryane S. F. Oliveira, Joseph R. Limbach, Natalia S. Fanelli, Markus K. Wiltafsky-Martin, and Hans H. Stein. 2021. Long-term steam conditioning is needed to maximize the nutritional value of expander-processed soybean expellers. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 101: 704–714 (2021) dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2021-0029. Link to full text.

Growth performance of weanling pigs fed diets with spray-dried bovine plasma or hydrolyzed spray-dried bovine plasma

Spray-dried plasma protein is commonly used in weanling diets due its functional components and high concentration of digestible amino acids. Hydrolyzed spray-dried bovine plasma (H-SDBP) is a new source of spray-dried plasma protein that may be used as a protein source in diets for weanling pigs. There are, however, no data to demonstrate the efficacy of this novel source. Pigs fed diets spray-dried plasma protein have increased growth performance when exposed to a challenge model; therefore, it is possible that H-SDBP improves performance of challenged pigs similarly as other sources of spray-dried plasma protein. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that dietary inclusion of H-SDBP is as effective as spray-dried bovine plasma (SDBP) in increasing growth performance of weanling pigs housed in uncleaned pens.

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Effects of increasing dietary protein on standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in soybean meal and soy protein concentrate fed to growing pigs

Apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) is affected by CP and AA concentrations in diets because of the different contributions of endogenous N and AA to the ileal digesta from pigs fed diets with different concentrations of CP. Because of the influence of dietary CP and AA on calculated values for AID, values for AID obtained in individual feed ingredients are not always additive in mixed diets if the concentration of CP and AA in the mixed diet is different from that of the ingredients. Therefore, values for standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of CP and AA, which are corrected for the basal ileal endogenous losses of CP and AA, are used in diet formulations to avoid the influence of endogenous AA on digestibility values, and SID values are, therefore, additive in mixed diets.

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Effects of phosphorus level and increasing phytase dose on basal endogenous loss of calcium and balance of phosphorus in pigs fed diets containing phytate P at commercial level

In plant-based feed ingredients there is a considerable amount of P bound to phytate, limiting the amount of P that is available for utilization, but inclusion of microbial phytase in pig diets increases the digestibility of P. The negatively charged phytate molecule can chelate Ca cations resulting in formation of insoluble Ca-phytate complexes. Degradation of phytate by microbial phytase may prevent formation of these non-digestible complexes, resulting in increased Ca digestibility. It is also possible that use of exogenous phytase reduces endogenous loss of Ca. If indeed the reduced endogenous loss of Ca is a result of degradation of phytate, it is expected that increased doses of dietary phytase will linearly reduce endogenous losses of Ca, but this hypothesis has not been experimentally verified. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that increasing dietary phytase reduces basal endogenous loss of Ca and increases digestibility of P in growing pigs.

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Effect of phytase on mineral digestibility and growth performance of pigs fed diets with pharmacological levels of Zn

Espinosa, C. D., D. Velayudhan, Y. Dersjant-Li, J. Remus, H. H. Stein. 2021. Effect of phytase on mineral digestibility and growth performance of pigs fed diets with pharmacological levels of Zn. J. Anim. Sci. 99(Suppl. S3): 400-401. doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.727. Link to abstract.

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Comparison Between Copper Sulfate and Dicopper Oxide on Body Weight and Copper Accumulation on Growing Pigs

Blavi, L., D. Solà-Oriol, A. Monteiro, J. F. Perez, H. H. Stein. 2021. Comparison Between Copper Sulfate and Dicopper Oxide on Body Weight and Copper Accumulation on Growing Pigs.  J. Anim. Sci. 99, (Suppl. S3): 210-211. doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.382. Link to abstract.

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A Salute to PVT TIM HiLL: Indispensable Amino Acids and Global Human Health

Berg, Eric P., and Hans H. Stein. 2021. A Salute to PVT TIM HiLL: Indispensable Amino Acids and Global Human Health. Meat and Muscle Biology 2021.5(3): 4, 1–10. doi:10.22175/mmb.12925. Link to full text.

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Digestibility of energy, dry matter, protein, and fat and concentration of metabolizable energy in sunflower meal and sunflower expellers fed to growing pigs

Sunflower meal (SFM) is a protein source that can be included in diets for pigs and other livestock species. In addition to providing amino acids, SFM also provide energy and other nutrients to diets, but because of the high concentration of fiber, SFM does not contain as much energy as other oilseed meals. The nutritive value of SFM depend on growing area, degree of de-hulling, and oil extraction process. Sunflower meal is obtained through a prepress-solvent extraction method, which yields a meal product with less than 3% fat. However, a double press procedure without solvent extraction may also be used to remove oil from the seeds, which results in generation of a co-product called sunflower expellers (SFE). Because the double-press procedure is less efficient in removing oil from the seeds, SFE contains between 6 and 10% oil. The concentration of fiber and protein also varies among different sources of SFM and SFE and is largely determined by the degree of de-hulling that takes place prior to oil extraction. Because the hulls are very high in fiber, there is a linear relationship between fiber concentration and the concentration of hulls in SFM and SFE, and there is a negative relationship between fiber and protein concentrations. However, data on the digestibility of nutrients and energy and concentrations of digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) in different sources of sunflower co-products are limited. Therefore, the objective of this research was to test the null hypothesis that there are no differences in the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter, crude protein, fat, and gross energy and concentrations of DE and ME in SFM fed to growing pigs. The second objective was to test the null hypothesis that there are no difference in the ATTD of nutrients and energy concentrations between SFM and SFE fed to growing pigs.

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Inclusion of hybrid rye in diets for weanling pigs does not compromise daily gain, but may reduce diarrhea incidence despite pigs having preference for consuming corn over hybrid rye

McGhee, M. L., H. H. Stein. 2021. Inclusion of hybrid rye in diets for weanling pigs does not compromise daily gain, but may reduce diarrhea incidence despite pigs having preference for consuming corn over hybrid rye. Animal Feed Science and Technology 281 (2021) 115113.

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The amino acid digestibility and digestible indispensable amino acid score for rapeseed protein isolate increases after moderate heating resulting in a protein quality similar to whey protein isolate

Rapeseed is the second most produced oilseed in the world after soybean, and after the oil is extracted, a protein-rich meal is the resulting byproduct containing greater concentrations of sulfur amino acids (AA; i.e., Met and Cys) and Lys compared with legumes and cereal grains. Rapeseed proteins have great potential as a high-quality plant-based protein for humans due to their well-balanced AA profile, high metabolic utilization of protein, a protein digestibility corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS) similar to soy and milk proteins, and easily separable antinutritional factors. However, to our knowledge, digestible indispensable amino acid score (DIAAS) has not been determined for rapeseed protein isolate and the level of processing required to concentrate rapeseed into a protein isolate warrants further evaluation of its protein quality. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that heat treatment of rapeseed protein isolate will increase the digestibility of AA by growing pigs and result in a DIAAS that is comparable to soy and animal protein isolates.

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Effects of increasing phytase dose on total tract digestibility of minerals and energy in pigs

In most plant feed ingredients, the majority of P is bound to phytate, which reduces digestibility of P in pigs, and therefore, the concentration of digestible P in these ingredients is relatively low. Phytate is negatively charged in the intestinal tract and can bind both endogenous and dietary nutrients, which results in precipitation of non-digestible nutrient-phytate complexes. Therefore, it is possible that the use of exogenous phytase can also increase the digestibility of other nutrients than P. As an example, addition of exogenous phytase to diets also releases Ca from phytate, and thus, increases the digestibility of Ca. However, it has not been conclusively demonstrated that phytase also increases the digestibility of energy-generating nutrients and other minerals in diets fed to pigs and inconsistent results among experiments have been reported. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that increasing phytase dose increases the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of minerals and gross energy (GE) in corn and soybean meal-based diets fed to growing pigs.

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