Stein

Metabolizable energy in corn is greater than in hybrid rye when fed to gestating sows, but exogenous enzymes did not increase energy digestibility

McGhee, Molly L., and Hans H. Stein. 2022. Metabolizable energy in corn is greater than in hybrid rye when fed to gestating sows, but exogenous enzymes did not increase energy digestibility. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 102: 392–395 (2022) dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2021-0054. Link to full text.

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Effects of different watering options on net energy in diets fed to group-housed pigs

Depending on how facility allows pigs to drink water, considerable amounts of feeds can be wasted, which may affect digestibility of nutrients by pigs. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that different watering options affect concentration of net energy (NE) in a corn-soybean meal diet fed to growing pigs.

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Effects of different watering options on standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in diets fed to growing pigs

Depending on how facility allows pigs to drink water, considerable amounts of feeds can be wasted, which may affect digestibility of nutrients by pigs. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that different watering options affect the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) in a corn-soybean meal diet fed to growing pigs.

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Isoquinoline Alkaloids Improve Intestinal Function of Weanling Pigs Fed Corn-Soybean Meal Diets Formulated Below Amino Acid Requirements

Rundle, C. M., V. Artuso-Ponte, and H. H. Stein. 2022. Isoquinoline Alkaloids Improve Intestinal Function of Weanling Pigs Fed Corn-Soybean Meal Diets Formulated Below Amino Acid Requirements. J. Anim. Sci. 100(Suppl. 2): 183–184. doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac064.311. Link to Abstr.

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Nutritional Value of a New Source of Cheese Co-Product Fed to Weanling Pigs

Mallea O., A. P., M. S. F. S. Oliveira, D. A. Lopez D., H. H. Stein. 2022. Nutritional Value of a New Source of Cheese Co-Product Fed to Weanling Pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 100(Suppl. 2): 174. doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac064.296. Link to Abstr.

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Effects of Phosphorus Level and Increasing Phytase Dose on Basal Endogenous Loss of Calcium and Balance of Phosphorus in Pigs Fed Diets Containing Phytate P at Commercial Levels

Nelson, M. E., Su A Lee, Y. Dersjant-Li, D. Velayudhan, J. C. Remus, H. H. Stein. 2022. Effects of Phosphorus Level and Increasing Phytase Dose on Basal Endogenous Loss of Calcium and Balance of Phosphorus in Pigs Fed Diets Containing Phytate P at Commercial Levels. J. Anim. Sci. 100(Suppl. 2): 165–166. doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac064.282.

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Effect of Hydrolyzed Spray-Dried Bovine Plasma and Spray-Dried Bovine Plasma Sources on Growth Performance of Weanling Pigs

Espinosa, C. D., J. Campbell, H. H. Stein. 2022. Effect of Hydrolyzed Spray-Dried Bovine Plasma and Spray-Dried Bovine Plasma Sources on Growth Performance of Weanling Pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 100(Suppl. 2): 137–138. doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac064.235. Link to Abstr.

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Optimum Concentration of Spray Dried Plasma for Maximized Growth Performance, Improved Intestinal Health, and Reduced Inflammation in Weaned Pigs Housed in a Challenged Environment

Bailey, H. M., H. H. Stein, and J. Campbell. 2022. Optimum Concentration of Spray Dried Plasma for Maximized Growth Performance, Improved Intestinal Health, and Reduced Inflammation in Weaned Pigs Housed in a Challenged Environment. J. Anim. Sci. 100(Suppl. 2): 65–66. doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac064.104. Link to Abstr.

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Inclusion of Spray Dried Plasma in Diets Based on Different Ingredient Combinations Increases the Digestibility of Energy, Fiber, Ca, and P by Young Pigs

Bailey, H. M., H. H. Stein, and J. Campbell. 2022. Inclusion of Spray Dried Plasma in Diets Based on Different Ingredient Combinations Increases the Digestibility of Energy, Fiber, Ca, and P by Young Pigs.  J. Anim. Sci. 100(Suppl. 2): 64–65. doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac064.103. Link to Abstr.

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Digestibility of Energy, Dry Matter, Protein, and Fat and Concentration of Metabolizable Energy in Sunflower Meal and Sunflower Expellers Fed to Growing Pigs

Ibagon, J. A., Su A Lee, and H. H. Stein. 2022. Digestibility of Energy, Dry Matter, Protein, and Fat and Concentration of Metabolizable Energy in Sunflower Meal and Sunflower Expellers Fed to Growing Pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 100 (Suppl. 2): 41–42. doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac064.064. Link to Abstr.

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Effects of Increasing Dose of a Novel E. coli Phytase on Total Tract Digestibility of Minerals and Energy in Pigs

Lee, Su A, and H. H. Stein. 2022. Effects of Increasing Dose of a Novel E. coli Phytase on Total Tract Digestibility of Minerals and Energy in Pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 100(Suppl. 2): 36-37. doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac064.059. Link to Abstr.

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Effect of Increasing Levels of a Novel Consensus Bacterial 6-Phytase Variant on Ileal and Total Tract Digestibility of Nutrients in Diets Fed to Young Pigs.

Espinosa, C. D., D. Velayudhan, Y. Dersjant-Li, and H. H. Stein. 2022. Effect of Increasing Levels of a Novel Consensus Bacterial 6-Phytase Variant on Ileal and Total Tract Digestibility of Nutrients in Diets Fed to Young Pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 100(Suppl.2): 34–35. doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac064.056. Link to Abstr.

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Novel bacterial phytase impact on pigs

Espinosa, C. D., and H. H. Stein. 2022. Novel bacterial phytase impact on pigs. National Hog Farmer, On-line edition, March 31, 2022. Link to full text.

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Effects of a probiotic Bacillus strain on ileal digestibility of crude protein, dry matter, starch, energy and fat and total tract digestibility of energy and dietary fiber in diets fed to weanling pigs

Addition of probiotics to swine diets may improve gut health by modifying the microflora, which may help control pathogens, enhance immune response, and increase nutrient digestibility. Once consumed by the pig, probiotics enter the stomach where they are subjected to a low pH and pepsin. The Bacillus strain are metabolically inactive spores that are thermostable and survive at a low pH and, therefore, are thought to survive feed processing and digestion in the stomach. Addition of a Bacillus strain may enhance fermentation of dietary fiber in swine diets and, subsequently, increase the available energy from the diet in the form of volatile fatty acids. Bacillus strain also may degrade non-starch polysaccharides to reducing sugars that may serve as an energy source for the pig. A novel probiotic Bacillus toyonensis M15750 has been developed, but there are limited data to demonstrate the efficacy of this probiotic to increase nutrient digestibility. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that probiotic Bacillus toyonensis M15750 improve the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of energy and nutrients when included in diets fed by weanling pigs.

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Ileal and total tract digestibility of energy and nutrients in pig diets supplemented with a novel consensus bacterial 6-phytase

The effect of microbial phytase on Ca and P digestibility in diets for pigs and poultry is well established. In poultry, it also appears that the effect of phytase in increasing amino acid (AA) digestibility is consistent, but that is not the case when phytase is added to diets for pigs. However, in many experiments, relatively low levels of phytase was used and it is not known if greater concentrations of phytase will result in a different result. A novel phytase has been recently developed; however, it is also not known if this phytase source can increase digestibility of AA and other nutrients. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that inclusion of increasing levels of the novel phytase in diets for growing pigs increases the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of crude protein (CP) and AA, and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE) and minerals.

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Effects of dietary levels of calcium, phosphorus, and 1-alphahydroxycholecalciferol on digestibility, retention of calcium and phosphorus, and concentration of metabolizable energy in diets fed to sows in late-gestation

Lee, Su A., and Hans H. Stein. 2022. Effects of dietary levels of calcium, phosphorus, and 1-alphahydroxycholecalciferol on digestibility, retention of calcium and phosphorus, and concentration of  metabolizable energy in diets fed to sows in late-gestation. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 102: 184–188 (2022) dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2021-0018. Link to full text.

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Shiitake mycelium fermentation improves digestibility, nutritional value, flavor and functionality of plant proteins

Clark, Anthony J., Bhupendra K. Soni, Brendan Sharkey, Terry Acree, Edward Lavin, Hannah M. Bailey, Hans H. Stein, Ashley Han, Marc Elie, Marina Nadal. 2022. Shiitake mycelium fermentation improves digestibility, nutritional value, flavor and functionality of plant proteins. LWT - Food Science and Technology 156 (2022) 113065. doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2021.113065.

Effects of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D3)and 1-alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (1-α-OH-D3) on serum bone biomarkers and calcium and phosphorus balance and concentrations on energy in diets without or with microbial phytase fed to sows in late gestation

Absorption of Ca and P by active transport in the small intestine is regulated by calcitriol, which is the active form of vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) and the hormones calcitonin and PTH. One-alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (1-α-OH-D3) and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D3) are vitamin D metabolites that may be added to diets for pigs. Because 1-α-OH-D3 is already hydroxylated at the 1-position, only the first hydroxylation in the liver at the 25-position is needed to convert the metabolite to calcitriol. Likewise, because the 25-OH-D3 is already hydroxylated at the 25-position, only the second hydroxylation in the kidney at the 1-position is needed if this metabolite is used. It is possible that supplementation of diets with 25-OH-D3 or 1-α-OH-D3 increases absorption and retention of Ca and P by increasing the conversion efficiency to calcitriol compared with the conversion of cholecalciferol to calcitriol. It is possible that the effects on Ca and P balance differ between 25-OH-D3 and 1-α-OH-D, but research to test this hypothesis has not been reported.

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Comparative digestibility of energy, dry matter, and nutrients by gestating and lactating sows fed corn-soybean meal diets without or with full fat or defatted rice bran

The physiological stage of pigs may influence total tract digestibility of nutrients because the digestibility of energy and some nutrients increases as body weight increases, but the impact of physiological stage may be greater for high-fiber diets than for diets with less concentration of fiber. Full fat rice bran (FFRB) and defatted rice bran (DFRB) are produced in the rice milling process and is available for animal feeding. However, because of the high concentration of dietary fiber, FFRB and DFRB may be better suited for diets fed to sows than for diets for weanling or growing pigs, but there is a lack of data on the digestibility of energy and nutrients in FFRB and DFRB fed to sows. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to test the null-hypothesis that the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE), dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and P in a corn-soybean meal diet and in diets containing FFRB or DFRB is not different between lactating sows and gestating sows if both groups are allowed to consume their diet on an ad libitum basis.

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Growth performance of weanling pigs fed diets based on conventional corn or high-oil corn

Conventional breeding of corn has generated a new variety (i.e., high-oil corn) which is believed to contain greater concentrations of oil and crude protein than conventional corn. Indeed, results from digestibility experiments indicated that high-oil corn contained more standardized ileal digestible amino acids, digestible P, and metabolizable energy compared with conventional corn. It is, therefore, possible that the newly developed high-oil corn may improve pig growth performance, but data to demonstrate this are limited. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that high-oil corn improves growth performance of weanling pigs.

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