Stein

Effects of super dosing 4 different sources of phytase on amino acid digestibility

Dietary phytate may bind to proteins from feed ingredients by making indigestible nutrient-complexes. Therefore, it is possible that adding exogenous phytase to the diets increases digestibility of amino acids (AA). However, results of experiments in which microbial phytase has been added to diets fed to pigs have not consistently demonstrated increased ileal digestibility of AA. It is, however, possible that is because the dose of phytase was too low to obtain a positive effect on AA digestibility and that if greater doses were used, a positive response would be obtained. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that super dosing four different sources of commercially available exogenous phytase increases the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of CP and AA in a corn-soybean meal (SBM) based diet fed to growing pigs.

Keywords: 
Amino acids, Phytase, Super dose, Pigs
Authors: 
Toledo, Lee, Stein
Publication Type: 
Research Reports

Effects of intrinsic phytase from hybrid rye on P and Ca digestibility in a corn-soybean meal diet

Rye contains considerable quantities of intrinsic phytase and the presence of phytase in rye may result in an increased P digestibility in pigs without using exogenous phytase. It is possible that the endogenous phytase in rye also increases P digestibility in other plant feed ingredients by releasing P from the phytate. However, to our knowledge, no data demonstrating this effect have been published. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that inclusion of rye in diets containing corn and soybean meal (SBM) without or with microbial phytase improves the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of P and Ca and thus the ATTD of P is not additive in the mixed diet.

Keywords: 
Intrinsic phytase, Phosphorus, Pigs, Rye
Authors: 
Toledo, Lee, Stein
Publication Type: 
Research Reports

A review: 100 years of soybean meal. A historical look at the soybean and its use for animal feed.

Ruiz, N., C.M. Parsons, H. H. Stein, C.N. Coon, J. E. van Eys, and R. D. Miles. 2020. A review: 100 years of soybean meal, A historical look at the soybean and its use for animal feed. Feedstuffs. January 24, 2020. Link to full text.

Keywords: 
Soybean meal, animal feed
Authors: 
Ruiz, Parsons, Stein, Coon, van Eys, Miles
Publication Type: 
Extension Reports and other non-refereed publications

Apparent energy, dry matter and amino acid digestibility of differently sourced soybean meal fed to Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Galkanda‐Arachchige, Harsha S. C., Jingping Guo, Hans H. Stein. Donald Allen Davis. 2020. Apparent energy, dry matter and amino acid digestibility of differently sourced soybean meal fed to Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Aquaculture Research. 2020;51:326–340, DOI: 10.1111/are.14378. Link to full text.

Keywords: 
Digestibility, Growth, Litopenaeus vannamei, nutritional quality, Soybean meal
Authors: 
Galkanda‐Arachchige, Guo, Stein, Davis
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Effects of inclusion of hybrid rye in diets on growth performance and diarrhea incidence of weanling pigs

Production of hybrid rye in North America is increasing after being introduced to Canada and the United States in 2014 and 2016, respectively. Compared with corn, hybrid rye contains similar amounts of standardized ileal digestible amino acids, a greater concentration of standardized total tract digestible P, and approximately 94% of the metabolizable energy. Hybrid rye contains more fermentable dietary fiber than corn, which has the potential to improve gut health, but its reduced digestibility of amino acids may simultaneously have a negative impact on the health of the large intestine. Two experiments were conducted to determine the maximum amount of hybrid rye that can be included in diets for weanling pigs without influencing growth performance or diarrhea incidence.

Keywords: 
Hybrid rye, Growth performance, Diarrhea, Weanling pigs
Authors: 
McGhee, Stein
Publication Type: 
Research Reports

Digestibility of energy, and total dietary fiber, and concentration of digestible and metabolizable energy in soybean expeller and soybean meal fed to growing pigs

When soybeans are crushed, the oil may be solvent extracted and the resulting defatted soybeans are known as soybean meal (SBM). However, the oil may also be mechanically expelled from the beans and the defatted soybeans resulting from this procedure is an ingredient known as soybean expellers. The expelling procedure is less efficient in removing oil from the beans and soybean expellers, therefore, contain more residual oil than SBM. Soybean expellers can be produced using different technologies, and a new procedure involving a patented high shear dry extrusion procedure was recently developed (Insta-Pro International, Des Moines, IA). There are however, no data for the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of GE and total dietary fiber (TDF) and DE and ME concentrations in the soybean expellers that are produced from this procedure. Therefore, the objective of this research was to test the hypothesis that the ATTD of GE and TDF and concentrations of DE and ME are greater in soybean expellers than in SBM when fed to growing pigs.

Keywords: 
Extrusion, Feed Processing, Oil Extraction, Pigs, Soybean expellers, Soybean meal
Authors: 
Rodriguez, Lee, Stein
Publication Type: 
Research Reports

Effects of copper hydroxychloride and distillers dried grains with solubles on intestinal microbial concentration and apparent ileal and total tract digestibility of energy and nutrients by growing pigs

Espinosa, Ch. D, R. Scott Fry, Matthew E. Kocher, Hans H. Stein. 2019. Effects of copper hydroxychloride and distillers dried grains with solubles on intestinal microbial concentration and apparent ileal and total tract digestibility of energy and nutrients by growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 2019, 4904–4911.

Keywords: 
Copper, Copper hydroxychloride, Digestibility, Distillers dried grains with solubles, microbial protein, Pigs
Authors: 
Espinosa, Scott Fry, Kocher, Stein
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Ileal digestibility of an enzyme-treated soybean meal for milk replacer in pre-weaned dairy calves

Ansia, I., H.H. Stein, C. Brøkner, D.A. Vermeire, and J.K. Drackley. 2019. Ileal digestibility of an enzyme-treated soybean meal for milk replacer in pre-weaned dairy calves. Abstract 14 in 37th ADSA Discover Conference Program: Natural Bioactives in Dairy Production: Science, Functions and the Future, Itasca, IL. (Abstr.). Link to full text.

Keywords: 
Ileal digestibility, enzyme-treated, Soybean meal, pre-weaned dairy calves
Authors: 
Ansia, Stein, Brøkner, Vermeire, Drackley
Publication Type: 
Abstracts

Digestibility of an enzyme treated soybean meal for calf starter in weaned dairy calves

Ansia, I., H.H. Stein, C. Brøkner, D.A. Vermeire, and J.K. Drackley. 2019. Digestibility of an enzyme treated soybean meal for calf starter in weaned dairy calves. Abstract 13 in 37th ADSA Discover Conference Program: Natural Bioactives in Dairy Production: Science, Functions and the Future, Itasca, IL. (Abstr.). Link to abstract.

Keywords: 
Digestibility, enzyme treated, Soybean meal, weaned dairy calves
Authors: 
Ansia, Stein, Brøkner, Vermeire, Drackley
Publication Type: 
Abstracts

Effects of copper hydroxychloride and choice white grease on growth performance and blood characteristics of weanling pigs kept at normal ambient temperature or under heat stress

Espinosa, C. D., R. S. Fry, J. Usry, and H. H. Stein. 2019. Effects of copper hydroxychloride and choice white grease on growth performance and blood characteristics of weanling pigs kept at normal ambient temperature or under heat stress. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol.256:114257. doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2019.114257. Link to full text.

Keywords: 
Copper, Copper hydroxychloride, Growth performance, Heat stress, Pigs
Authors: 
Espinosa, Fry, Usry, Stein
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Multi vs. single application of enzymes to degrade fibre in diets for pigs

Stein, H. H. 2019. Multi vs. single application of enzymes to degrade fibre in diets for pigs. In (eds. G. Gonzalez-Ortiz, M. R. Bedford, K. E. Back Knudsen, C. M. Courtin, and H. L. Classen): The value of fibre – engaging the second brain for animal nutrition. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands.

Keywords: 
arabinoxylans, Cellulose, Enzymes, fibre, Pigs
Authors: 
Stein
Publication Type: 
Book chapters

Disappearance of dietary fibre in the small intestine, large intestine, and total tract of growing pigs fed corn- or wheat-based diets without or with microbial xylanase

Abelilla, J. J., and H. H. Stein. 2019. Disappearance of dietary fibre in the small intestine, large intestine, and total tract of growing pigs fed corn- or wheat-based diets without or with microbial xylanase. Manipulating Pig Production XVII. Proc. 17th Biennial Conference of the Australasian Pig Sci. Ass. (APSA), Adelaide, Australia, 17-20 Nov. 2019. Adv. Anim.

Keywords: 
dietary fibre, Small intestine, large intestine, Growing pigs, Corn, Wheat, Xylanase
Authors: 
Abelilla, Stein
Publication Type: 
Abstracts

Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in canola meal fed to gestating and lactating sows

Velayudhan, Deepak Ettungapladi , Manik M. Hossain, Hans H. Stein, and C. Martin Nyachoti. 2019. Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in canola meal fed to gestating and lactating sows. Journal of Animal Science, 2019, 4219–4226. Link to full text.

Keywords: 
Amino acids, Canola meal, Digestibility, gestating sows, Lactating sows
Authors: 
Velayudhan, Hossain, Stein, Nyachoti
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Bioavailability of valine in spray-dried L-valine biomass is not different from that in crystalline L-valine when fed to weanling pigs

Oliveira, Maryane S. F., John K. Htoo, J. Caroline González-Vega, and Hans H. Stein. 2019. Bioavailability of valine in spray-dried L-valine biomass is not different from that in crystalline L-valine when fed to weanling pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 2019, 4227–4234. Link to full text.

Keywords: 
Bioavailability, fermentation biomass, Growth performance, Pigs, valine
Authors: 
Oliveira, Htoo, González-Vega, Stein
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Excess dietary leucine in diets for growing pigs reduces growth performance, biological value of protein, protein retention, and serotonin synthesis

Kwon, Woong B., Kevin J. Touchette, Aude Simongiovanni, Kostas Syriopoulos, Anna Wessels, and Hans H. Stein. 2019. Excess dietary leucine in diets for growing pigs reduces growth performance, biological value of protein, protein retention, and serotonin synthesis. Journal of Animal Science, 2019, 4282–4292. Link to full text.

Keywords: 
branched-chain amino acids, leucine, Pigs, serotonin, Tryptophan
Authors: 
Kwon, Touchette, Simongiovanni, Syriopoulos, Wessels, Stein
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Effects of dietary leucine and tryptophan supplementation on serotonin metabolism and growth performance of growing pigs

Tryptophan is an indispensable AA that is often limiting for growth in pigs fed corn-soybean meal-based diets. Tryptophan may act as a regulator of feed intake by enhancing serotonin signaling in the brain, because Trp is a precursor for serotonin. High Trp intake increases feed intake, and this is partly attributed to increased serotonin synthesis. Availability of dietary Trp in the brain is considered the rate-limiting step in hypothalamic serotonin synthesis. However, to be transported into the brain, Trp competes with other large neutral AA such as Val, Leu, Ile, Tyr, and Phe for a common transporter (L-type AA transporter 1) to cross the blood-brain barrier.

Keywords: 
leucine, Tryptophan, metabolism, Growth performance, Growing pigs
Authors: 
Kwon, Stein
Publication Type: 
Research Reports

Digestibility of amino acids is greater in soybean expellers than in soybean meal when fed to growing pigs

When soybeans are crushed, the oil may be solvent extracted and the resulting defatted soybeans are known as soybean meal (SBM). However, the oil may also be mechanically expelled from the beans and the defatted soybeans resulting from this procedure is an ingredient known as soybean expellers. The expelling procedure is less efficient in removing oil from the beans and soybean expellers, therefore, contain more residual oil than SBM. Soybean expellers can be produced using different technologies, and a new procedure involving a patented high shear dry extrusion procedure was recently developed (Insta-Pro International, Des Moines, IA). There are however, no data for the digestibility of amino acids (AA) in the soybean expellers that are produced from this procedure. Therefore, the objective of this research was to test the hypothesis that the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of crude protein (CP) and AAis greater in soybean expellers than in SBM when fed to growing pigs.

Keywords: 
Extrusion, Feed Processing, Oil Extraction, Pigs, Soybean expellers, Soybean meal
Authors: 
Rodriguez, Lee, Stein
Publication Type: 
Research Reports

Gestating and lactating sows perform with hybrid rye

McGhee, M. L., and H. H. Stein.  2019. Gestating and lactating sows perform with hybrid rye. National Hog Farmer, On line edition, Oct. 31, 2019. Link to full text.

Keywords: 
Feed, Reproduction
Authors: 
McGhee, Stein
Publication Type: 
Extension Reports and other non-refereed publications

Technical note: Establishment of an ileal cannulation technique in preweaning calves and use of a piecewise regression approach to evaluate effects on growth and pH fluctuation of ileal digesta

Ansia, I., H. H. Stein, M. R. Murphy, and J. K. Drackley. 2019. Technical note: Establishment of an ileal cannulation technique in preweaning calves and use of a piecewise regression approach to evaluate effects on growth and pH fluctuation of ileal digesta. J. Dairy Sci. 102:11061–11066. Link to full text.

Keywords: 
calf, ileal cannulation
Authors: 
Ansia, Stein, Murphy, Drackley
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Digestibility of energy and phosphorus and concentration of metabolizable energy in a new source of high-protein distillers dried grains fed to growing pigs

Recently a high-protein distillers dried grains (HP-DDGS; ProCap DDGS, Marquis Energy, Hennepin, IL) was developed and the HP-DDGS has greater concentrations of CP and fat, but contains less fiber compared with conventional DDGS, which may affect the digestibility of energy and P and concentrations of DE and ME. There are, however, no data for the nutritional value of this new source of DDGS. Therefore, 2 experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that concentrations of DE and ME, and standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P in HP-DDGS are greater than in conventional DDGS.

Keywords: 
Distillers dried grains with solubles, Energy, Phosphorus digestibility
Authors: 
Cristobal, Lee, Stein
Publication Type: 
Research Reports

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